best female ballet dancer in the world 2020 best female ballet dancer in the world 2020

Dance Magazine: Move and be moved What will she add to her resum next? 7am - 10am, Violin Concerto in E minor Opus 64 (2) There are thousand of females working as ballet dancers in the world, but this list highlights only the most notable ones. Tommie Kesten is not one to go unnoticed. Lia Kim is a famous choreographer, who is behind many memorable dance routines for songs, such as Twice's "TT," IOIs "Very Very Very," and one of the most iconic dances of all, SUNMI's . In Brian Brooks Unwritten, she dips, sways and turns through intricate patterns as if immune to gravitys power. Partnered by Sergio Masero-Olarte, Igarashi spun and burst into broad, luminous lines, looping, diving and etching spirals across the space. The family moved to Las Vegas when he was 13 so he and his brother could pursue dance seriously. As a young student at the Royal Danish Ballet School, Tobias Praetorius got to perch in a tree onstage during August Bournonvilles A Folk Tale and watch the dancers below, imagining himself in their place. 1. Reyes started dancing at age 4 in Puerto Rico, where his mom and aunt owned a studio. Dancing in Pinks Peter Pan this spring as a company member, shell come full circle: She performed in the premiere as a child. Here they are: the 25 up-and-coming artists we believe are ready to take our field by storm. The breathtakingly talented Kerch-born dancer developed her skills at St Petersburg's premier ballet school, Vaganova Ballet Academy, which has trained many of the greatest dancers of all time, including Anna Pavlova and Galina Ulanova. In the 1996 revival of Chicago, she reprised the role of Roxie Hart and was also the choreographer, winning the Tony Award for Best Choreography. Also premiering, will be the world premiere of GroundWorks' Artist in Residence Antonio Brown's Floating Walls. The round-up of emerging talent features dancers, choreographers and companies you should know, spanning multiple dance genres. Age: 80 Birthplace: England, London Profession: Ballet master Schools: Royal Ballet School Ounce of Faith Paul Kolnik, Courtesy AAADT. Breakout stars, paradigm shifters, game changers. ballet, theatrical dance in which a formal academic dance techniquethe danse d'coleis combined with other artistic elements such as music, costume, and stage scenery. The 24-year-old Harlem native began at 3, training in a wide range of formsgymnastics, African dance, ballet and moreand had envisioned dancing on Broadway as the ultimate goal of a long career slog. During a recent appearance in New York City, Praetorius gave a riveting renditionslithering, androgynous, menacingof the vindictive witch, Madge, in La Sylphide. 5. Affixed to the . Laura Cappelle. Shannon Harkins Shannon Harkins was 13 years old when The Washington Post called her " the face of African American ballet dancers' struggles ." By 1976, she was a star at the National Ballet and touring across North America, Europe and Japan with Mikhail Baryshnikov and Rudolf Nureyev, In 1976, Twyla Tharp choreographed Push Comes to Shove, which is now regarded as the finest example of crossover ballet.Twyla Tharp has received several prestigious awards, including two Emmy Awards and the National Medal of the Arts. As the Fairy of Courage in The Sleeping Beauty, she delivers Petipa with nary an accent. Her first win was for the video to "Ride" in 2010, she won a second time in 2013 for the video to "Body Party" and a third time in 2018 for her performance in "Level Up." Every choreographer that comes in immediately notices her, says Tulsa Ballet artistic director Marcello Angelini. Those were dances I had seen and loved live in the theater. The Projectwhose collaborators have included dancers from PNB and Spectrum Dance Theaterheld its first presentation, The How of it Sped, at Northwest Film Forum last February. She moved to New York City in 2016 to pursue her dream of creating a dance company in the birthplace of hip hop. The 22-year-old from Cambridge, England, is a dancer of lean elegance, expansive lines and beautiful footwork. Choreographer Pam Tanowitzs sophisticated phrases are the dance equivalent of tongue twisters, but last spring, in Tanowitzs Bartk Ballet, Nadon spoke them fluently. The company grew out of Zoom classes offered by Vega Ortiz and his close friend Carlos Hopuy of Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo in early 2020, and gained an international following so quickly that Vega Ortiz and Knudson were able to launch the performing company in December 2020. Fred Astaire, an American dancer and choreographer are widely considered as the most influential dancer in the history. Di Primo graduated from the Vienna State Opera ballet academy, and, after competing in the Prix de Lausanne, joined The Royal Ballet as an apprentice. Yergens in his It is believed that she has inherited the craft of belly-dancing from her parents, who had been working as acrobats in Akef Circus. Most a are White, with 44.7% of Ballet Dancers belonging to this ethnicity. January 9, 2020 at 8:00 a.m. EST. Immediately, Atlantas Terminus Modern Ballet Theatre snapped up Morton, who also joined staibdance a year later. You might also be interested in famous male ballet dancers and celebrities who danced ballet. She can dance any kind of dancing. She was a Top 30 dancer on Season 14 of So You Think You Can Dance before joining Nashville Ballet 2 in 2017. The soloist was Mikaila Ware, a member of the social justice-oriented dance company Urban Bush Women, with whom Ms. Ross has also worked. She choreographed more than 15 dozen motion arts from classical ballet to freestyle dancing, which have stood the test of time. Dance Spirit: Always on the beat Male Female 100 % 80 % She was offered a place in the main company as an apprentice in 2019, and was promoted to the corps de ballet in 2020. As the famous dancers of this era taught their skills to younger generations, the world of jazz dance continued to evolve. Desardouins eye for transitions and her ability to shift effortlessly from powerful and dynamic to soft and smooth result in stylistically multifaceted pieces. Follow here. List of famous female ballerinas, featuring bios and photos when available. He passed away from cardiac arrest caused by a propofol and benzodiazepine overdose on June 25, 2009. The Dance Edit: A petit daily newsletter, Sign up for any or all of these newsletters, Video: Lauren Anderson and Harper Watters on Black History Month, Representation in Ballet and More, Dance Theatre of Harlems Ingrid Silva Shares Her Typical Daily Routine, The Options Became Endless: BalletXs Andrea Yorita on How College Opened Her Eyes to Contemporary Ballet. She defined the image of the ballerina for most of the 20th century. She founded The Seattle Project, an interdisciplinary artists collective dedicated to creating and presenting community-accessible work, in 2019. As she made her way into the Ys Buttenweiser Hall to present her piece an astounding, nuanced look at the men of Belfast we followed, rapt, especially after she screamed, Get into the theater! Wavering between tough and vulnerable, Ms. Dohertys look at masculinity was the most memorable live dance performance before the shutdown; now its a tantalizing memory of that thrill. Top ballet dancer Anna Pavlova Getty Michael Jackson The toe-stand. Oluwadamilare Dare Ayorinde transforms himself each and every time he performs, in pieces by drastically different choreographers. In George Staibs starkly contemporary fence, she propels her body across the stage with openhearted abandon, her intensity at once hyperalert and serenely calm. Dancers are still performing and choreographers are still creating, be it for a premiere on video, a reinvention of a classic or a combination of the two. 9. Out of social distancing necessity, the solo has emerged as an obvious and meaningful form of choreographic exploration. Join our mailing list to receive the latest news and updates from our team. Sylviane Gold, LED co-founders Andrew Stensaas and Lauren Edson Tripp trained at the companys official school and started her career at its second company, growing up and into her artistic identity within the organization. But since joining the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater in 2018, shes become even more commanding. Read more:12 greatest ballet scores of all time, A Russian prima ballerina, recognised for the creation of the role The Dying Swan, Pavlova became the first ballerina to tour ballet internationally. Nureyev, portrayed in 2018 biographical film The White Crowstarring Oleg Ivenko and Ralph Fiennes, was a Soviet-born dancer whose expressive skills, provided a new role for the male dancer who previously served primarily as support to the women. But the dance-theater work is anything but dark and pedantic: Yergens incorporates mountains of party balloons, a Celine Dion singalong and scenes from Becoming Chaz, the 2011 documentary about Cher and Sonny Bonos son, who is also trans. Molissa Fenleys forceful and unsparing State of Darkness,, her methodical and meditative one in Our Labyrinth. Her tireless tours to what would have been exotic and distant lands India, east Asia, Australia seeded classical ballet in countries around the world. Yet hes anything but new to the stage: An alumnus of the North Carolina Youth Tap Ensemble and the touring show Tap Kids, the Brooklyn-based hoofer and filmmaker has performed with many of the fields leading dancemakers. While foreigners are still in the minority at POB, Scudamore was promoted two years in a row at the internal concours de promotion, rising to the rank of sujet (demi-soloist) in 2019, and finished second in the Varna International Ballet Competitions juniors category that same year. Morton trained with Appalachian Ballet Company and Houston Ballet before finding the wider scope she craved as a Fellowship student at Atlanta Ballet, then led by John McFall. Im happy the Royal Danish Ballet still produces dancers like Tobias, his former RDB colleague Ulrik Birkkjaer says of him. Society may have tried to silence the voices of the marginalized, but you will never silence me, she proclaimed at a June demonstration. Afterdefecting from Russia, Baryshnikov later became artistic director of the American Ballet Theatre. Twyla Tharp chose him for The Illustrated Farewell. Di Primos first exposure to dance was ballroom. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h0K8gDHuyE8NEW SPOTIFY ACCOUNT! And she exuded confidence and joy as one of the two sneaker-clad stompers that open and close Twyla Tharps In the Upper Room. Dame Alicia Markova DBE (1 December 1910-2 December 2004) was a British ballerina and a choreographer, director and teacher of classical ballet. As soon as quarantine began around the world, dancers started teaching classes on Instagram, while TikTok became a stage for everyday movers and professionals alike. Taylors chameleon-like approach has also led to commissions from St. Vincent, SZA and Arcade Fires Rgine Chassagne. I want to encourage audiences to look at the things that make them different and see how thats something you can own, claim, declare and utilize for good.. Molnar will leave her artistic director post at the end of this season, but Zubyks idiosyncratic performances guarantee hell continue to be a standout. Here are the top ballroom dancers in the world: Table Of Contents 1) William Pino 2) Peter Eggleton 3) Kym Johnson 4) John Wood 5) Charlotte Jorgensen 6) Mirko Gozzoli 7) Richard Gleave 8) Fred Astaire 9) Donnie Burns 10) Pierre Dulaine 11) Slavik Kryklyvyy RESOURCES For Ladies For Men *We hope you love our articles! On a Saturday afternoon in July, I looked out my living room window and saw what had become a rare sight: a live dance performance. A household name. See a video of Nureyev dancing with Fonteyn below. He later studied hip hop, and then contemporary, before being introduced to ballet. Job Title Female, 73.4% Male, 26.6% Dancers By Gender Gender Pay Gap For Dancer Women Earn 95 For Every $1 Earned By Men Male Income $60,078 Female Income $57,237 Dancer Gender Over Time This data shows how men and women predominate in the dancer position over time. Wayne McGregora man with an astute eye for talented dancers in the corpscast him in Obsidian Tear and Yugen. In 2019, choreographer Annabelle Lopez Ochoa cast an apprentice in the lead role of Stella in A Streetcar Named Desire at Nashville Ballet. Guerrero has worked as a television co-hostess and panelist, and is currently a panelist on El Chimentero 3.0. Last summer, she spoke out against racism and police brutality at protests following the death of George Floyd. Pitkin Grove Maria Baranova, Courtesy Edwards. For Kyle Marshall, Ayorinde is grounded and pulls from his soul in contemporary works that demand personal dredging of his African-American roots. After joining the New York City Ballet at 15, Kirkland was promoted to soloist in 1969 and principal in 1972. As the tall girl in Balanchines Rubies, Kesten, who at 5 4 is not the traditional height for the role, filled the stage, her beautiful extension paired with bright, darting eyes and a brilliant smile. But nevertheless it is inevitable. The Joyce Theater, through its resourceful JoyceStream programming, cast a light on wonderful recent work that I had missed, like Deeply Rooted Dance Theaters searing 2017 production of Indumba.. And I try to be mentally fully present for any rehearsal or performance. It shows. The contemporary dance work explores the physical and psychological space that one encounters when feeling surrounded by walls . Following a three-year stint with AXIS Dance Company, Crothers set out on her own in 2017. She scampered about the stage with feverish intensity as the young Adele in Cathy Marstons Jane Eyre. >Nandita has had extensive experience in the Dance . Lydia Murray, Brown as Stella in Annabelle Lopez Ochoas A Streetcar Named Desire, Heather Thorne, Courtesy Nashville Ballet. Her apprentice year brought featured roles in works by Gemma Bond, Liam Scarlett and David Bintley. Greatest Dancers of all time - IMDb Top 250 MoviesMost Popular MoviesTop 250 TV ShowsMost Popular TV ShowsMost Popular Video GamesMost Popular Music VideosMost Popular Podcasts Release CalendarBrowse Movies by GenreTop Box OfficeShowtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight Create the world you want to live in, she says. Be captivated by a world premiere work by renowned choreographer Sidra Bell, the first black female choreographer commissioned by New York City Ballet. Its depth and sensitivity radiated out of the screen. Its all part of Yergens desire to meld aesthetics that dont belong together and to show how, actually, they arent so opposed. In his prettygirl264264, the 27-year-old throws himself a living funeral, responding to the ways in which trans people are often disrespected in death as well as in life. Soon after his launch in Tollywood, he started earning praises from the critics for his mannerisms in acting and his dancing. Check out our latest SPLASH MOB Video! World-famous ballerina Deborah Bull thinks so. Whatever shes doing, from the smallest character role to an ensemble part, she does full-out. Shakira made her debut at the age of 13. But amidst the calculated chaos, Vincenzo Di Primo is a steadying presence. When she returned to the U.S. this winter after a semester abroad in Spain, a company position with Evidence was waiting for her. Molissa Fenley's forceful and unsparing "State of Darkness," from 1988, set to Stravinsky's "Rite of Spring," was reimagined this year for seven dancers: Jared Brown, Lloyd Knight, Sara Mearns,. Frank Hatchett. She says what she wants to say in simple sentences, free of italicization. And with the precarious situation that the pandemic has thrown the dance world into, artists are responding eager to fight for equality, to give dancers a voice and to look at how the culture of the art form can be reinvented. Everyone from Galina Ulanovato Misty Copelandis included on this list of popular female ballet dancers. Featuring Russian, Spanish, Italian, and more, this list has many familiar names in the ballet world. At another time, if not kept close to home by a pandemic, I might have been on my way to a Saturday matinee in another part of town, or some remote summer dance festival. By Sarah L. Kaufman. When she performs, it washes over the audience, drawing them ever closer. Her Instagram feed is the quintessence of ballet aesthetics. The Los Angelesbased, Filipino-American 12th child of a migrant working family, Carlon uses his choreography to touch on race, identity, colonialism and genderas well as love, family and belonging. She is known as the queen of Latin music. Of the strong female roles Coelho has yet to perform, she says Kitri from Don Quixote is at the top of her wish list. . Published by D. Clark , Sep 2, 2022. Historic ballet dancers have worked hard to become the best that they can be, so if you're a female aspiring to be a ballet dancer then the people below should give you inspiration. Who consumes them, and why? Long-term, Yergens wants to forge a legacy of trans artists in dancewithout always having to make work thats about being trans. She was viewed as one of the principal pioneers of current dance. The Sleeping Beauty Gene Schiavone, Courtesy ABT. Contemporary dancers Ashley and Zack were sent home in season 2, but they earned a spot on this list by coming back with a vengeance in season 3 as members of the troupe Unity LA. The combination of Mr. Garlands rich movement vocabulary, which mines and melds ballet with modern dance and street forms, and Mr. Wonders music was intoxicating a promise for the future. She has a way of fusing slippery pedestrian movement with virtuosic eye candy that invites the audience into another world, mining the dancers nuanced idiosyncrasies to imbue the work with texture and charm. in Brooklyn in 2018. The exciting part is how it is a group effort: Dance artists are joining forces to affect change. But thats what happened when Gabrielle Hamilton was hired to dance in Daniel Fishs edgy production of Oklahoma! Pavlova became a favorite of legendary ballet master and choreographer, Marius Petipa and was named Prima Ballerina in 1906 after a performance of Giselle. With lanky limbs and wild red hair, Zenon Zubyk revels in a uniquely awkward virtuosity. A renowned Indian actor, producer and dancer, Allu Arjun primarily works in the Telugu film industry and indeed, is one of the best dancers in India. A few moments later he was dancing the first variation from the tarantella in Bournonvilles Napoli with total ease, displaying that plush Bournonville pli and relaxed upper body. In 1977, he received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor in The Turning Point. With the troupes penchant for dance filmmaking, look for LED to expand its influence beyond Idaho. One solo project was astounding in the way that it looked to the past to bring digital dance into the present. The final shot ends with a gesture, too; in that second, the shape of an arm says more than a word. I have a little sadness when I think about my former self who was so terrified of sticking out, she says. Stage presence seems to be in Annie Morgans DNA. A Pittsburgh native, she joined the company in 2018 and has already garnered featured roles. 02 of 16 Mikhail Baryshnikov (1948-present) WireImage / Getty Images In The Fugue, Chan masterfully flew through the complex direction changes and footwork. This famous dancer is a pioneer of modern dancing techniques. While theres no denying that this is an incredibly difficult time for dance and dance artists, its also been a privilege to witness such imagination and resilience. Born in Doncaster, Porter trained in Yorkshire and at the Royal Ballet School in London, where she was taught by Dame Ninette De Valois.After two years training she joined The Royal Ballet, where she is now a Governor, becoming Senior Principal Ballerina in 1978. Vaslav Nijinsky (1889-1950) Nijinsky was a Russian dancer and choreographer of Polish descent, celebrated for his virtuosity and for the depth and intensity of his characterisations. 1. Not the first British male dancer, but the first world class male star to be trained and developed through the Royal Ballet School and company established by Dame Ninette de Valois, Bull says. As a soloist in Darrell Grand Moultries Ounce of Faith, she turns heads with dancing thats smooth and silky, yet sharp and purposeful. It sparked through the screen. Choreographers at The Royal Ballet make a beeline for him. Those roots bring a refreshingly nuanced depth and intrigue to her work that is unusual for the scene. 3. Here are 10 famous female dancers you might have heard of. Credits for header photo, l The Pacific Northwest Ballet corps members long limbs paint through space with a gentleness that contrasts with the strength of her voice as a creator and leader. With each new step, he finds ways to explore and expand the rhythm, like a musical Russian doll. Moments of humor added dimension, not distraction. She isnt just a ballet dancer dipping her toe into new forms; she gets inside of them. Gwen Verdon. Everything from Vera Kosti to Noelani Pantastico is included on this list. Most noted for her career with Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes and touring internationally, she was widely considered to be one of the greatest classical ballet dancers of the twentieth century. Jen Peters. He was an American dancer who is best known for a number of highly successful musical comedy films. Displaying a potent mixture of sensuality and vulnerability alongside sleek technique, Kennedy Browns performances more than substantiated Lopez Ochoas faith in her. Shes also been a persuasive presence on the public speaking circuit, featured recently in New York Live Arts Live Ideas festival. Don Quixote. Joseph Sissens long, long legs are the first thing you notice. Cynthia Bond Perry. But it has taught him an important lesson: Audiences pay hard-earned money for the performanceswhether in tips at clubs or for tickets to downtown dance venues. I like to make people laugh and then cry, she says. Every time there is one of those strong female roles in our repertory, she is considered for it. Case in point: As a first-year corps member, Coelho was chosen by Annabelle Lopez Ochoa to dance the lead role of Rosalia in the second cast of Vendetta, A Mafia Story. A swinging step borrowed from Bill Bojangles Robinson morphs seamlessly into a heel-heavy triplet rhythm. A former Elisa Monte dancer and an Ailey School alumna, Taylor now bounces from the set of TNTs Claws to touring with Solange as a concert movement director. #1 - The Vaganova School - St. Petersburg, Russia In a year that has brought so much hardship to artists, singling out the best, always a dubious task, appeals to me even less than usual. Ballet traces its origins to the Italian Renaissance, when it was developed as a court entertainment. Dancing from the age of four, by the age of 18, she became the youngest person ever to enter the National Ballet of Canada, and made her debut in the principal role in As a child, she overcame shaky legs by learning to dance. Kyndall Harris Yuan Yuan Tan is a principal dancer with the San Francisco Ballet. She hasnt disappointed. Join our mailing list to receive the latest news and updates from our team. From Marvel stars like Zoe Saldana and Tom. jadebug98. Molissa Fenleys forceful and unsparing State of Darkness, from 1988, set to Stravinskys Rite of Spring, was reimagined this year for seven dancers: Jared Brown, Lloyd Knight, Sara Mearns, Shamel Pitts, Annique Roberts, Cassandra Trenary and Michael Trusnovec. Edsons brand of theatricality borders on whimsy with a whiff of narrative. By Gia Kourlas,Brian Seibert and Siobhan Burke. Though I witnessed some live dance before March (and even some since), and I watched many videos created as choreographers tried to learn to be filmmakers, what most stands out in my mind are the recordings of older works that became available online this year. And, of course, we cant help but feel excited about the six young ballet dancers on the list (you may even recognize one from our 2020 Stars of the Corps). She excelled in the classical repertoire and then forged new pathways in collaborations with contemporary choreographers. Throw back to one of the most amazing dance collabs of all time created in partnership with Coca-Cola to raise money and awareness for RED. Theaters shut down, but dance didnt. His versatility stems from experience. 1. Marguerite Porter MBE (born 1948) is an English former principal ballet dancer, turned actress and choreographer. That sense of character and storytelling, at that level, and at such a young age, is rare. Marina Harss, Igarashi in Let's have a look at our list of top 12 most famous modern dancers of all time, and know them a little better. Nandita Shankardass is a Performing artist, Choreographer, Teacher, Movement Facilitator and Director and the Founder of Welcome Movement . Deborah Bull says: An iconic ballerina, Pavlova was not only a sublime artist but also a great innovator, making use of the new invention of film and exploiting her fame to take ballet to new audiences. However, it is the role of The Dying Swan, choreographed for her by Michel Fokine, that would become the most renowned role of her career. Emotions flood through Khalia Campbells every move. Classical ballet is danced to classical music, and the choreography includes female dancers dancing en pointe. Anthony Dowell is most noted for the role of Oberon in The Dream by Sir Frederick Ashton and for his filmed performance as Siegfried in Swan Lake with Natalia Makarova in 1980. Nancy Wozny. Sir Anthony James Dowell (born 16 February 1943) is a retired British ballet dancer and a former artistic director of the Royal Ballet. Ive always wanted to dabble in different things, she says. Alan Titchmarsh She was born on September 4, 1981, and she is one of the best dancers in the world in 2023. In the fall, PNB commissioned Morgan, who made pieces for the companys Next Step choreographic showcase in 2018 and 2019, to create a site-specific work as bonus content for its first-ever digital season. He transforms a dark parking lot, a beach, a public park or a sand-filled backyard into another world populated by fully realized characters. You cannot be about this culture, about this movement, and not support the struggle of my people, she says. La Sylphide Kim Kenney, Courtesy Atlanta Ballet. Sign up for any or all of these newsletters Dance Magazine: Move and be moved This ballet school has been educating the world's finest ballet dancers for more than three centuries. Heather Thorne, Courtesy Nashville Ballet In 2019, choreographer Annabelle Lopez Ochoa cast an apprentice in the lead role of Stella in A Streetcar Named Desire at Nashville Ballet. In a 20-year association, she danced all the major roles, including Princess Aurora in The Sleeping Beauty, Odette/Odile in Swan Lake alongside Rudolf Nureyev, Juliet in Romeo and Juliet, Ophelia in Hamlet, and the title role in productions of Manon, Giselle, Daphnis and Chloe among others. This video features the Jabbawockeez, Les Twins, Harry Shum Jr, Ian Eastwood, Brian Puspos, Jasmine Meakin aka Megajam and more! This greatest female ballet dancers list contains the most prominent and top females known for being ballet dancers. A graceful powerhouse, both onstage and off-, Tatiana Desardouin is on a mission. 2752 Henrik Stenberg, Courtesy RDB. The following is a list of female dancers by nationality - notable women who are well known for their work in the field of dance. And her dancing is every bit as legible: expressive but never sentimental, authoritative but never overbearing. Morton is gaining traction in Atlantas contemporary ballet scene as quickly as the troupes themselves. I think she's the most versatile & universal dancer I think her dance is sexy and well. 1. During her lifetime, she developed the only fully-codified modern dance technique. Argentine dancer Marianela Nez has been with the Royal Ballet for more than 15 years and has twice won the National Dance Awards title of Best Female Dancer. Read on to learn more about them, then be sure to read the full 25 to Watch list here. The 22-year-olds stage presence is awash with charisma, which she pairs with an exceptional attack-driven technique.